Joint pain is extremely common and can affect people of all ages. The most common causes of joint pain are arthritis, injuries, and mechanical issues in the joint. What is arthritis? Arthritis is inflammation of the joints. The two most common types that cause joint pain are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis involves wear and tear damage to the joint cartilage and bones. It often affects the knees, hips, hands, and spine. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition that causes joint inflammation. It typically starts in smaller joints like the hands and feet. Joint injuries, like sprains, strains, dislocations, and fractures, are other common causes of joint pain. An injury can damage the ligaments, tendons, or bones around a joint. This leads to instability, stiffness, and pain. Mechanical issues in a joint can also lead to pain. Issues like loose ligaments or misaligned bones put extra stress on the joint. This leads to abnormal wear and tear. What are the symptoms of joint pain? The main symptoms are pain, swelling, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. The pain may feel like an ache or a sharp, stabbing sensation. It can occur with movement or rest. Swelling and stiffness often accompany arthritis. How is joint pain diagnosed? A doctor will take a full history and conduct a physical exam. They will check the joint's range of motion and feel for swelling, tenderness, or instability. Imaging tests like x-rays, MRIs, and CT scans help confirm the cause. Doctors may also analyze joint fluid or test for autoantibodies. How is joint pain treated? Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving joint function. Options include: